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Muhammad ibn al Hanafiyyah
A noble Sayyid, intelligent leader, given the gift of the gab, likened to a piercing star, a powerful successor and one of the great valiant martyrs Abu al Qasim Muhammad ibn ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib al Hashimi al Qurashi, an august personality of the Ahlul Bayt. His mother is Khawlah bint Jafar al Hanafiyyah to whose lineage he is ascribed to, a measure taken to differentiate him from his half-brothers Hassan and Hussain radiya Llahu ‘anhuma. He was born during the era of ‘Umar ibn al Khattab radiya Llahu ‘anhu in the 21st year of the hijrah. He is counted amongst those men who together with instilling piety in their hearts held a great amount of knowledge.
Together with this he was a battle commander in many of the battles during the reign of his father ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib, most notably the battles of Jamal and Siffin. He was the commander and flag bearer and was tested sorely therein. Though of tender age his father lent heavily on him in these battles which showcased his acute and refined personality.[1]
Ibn K
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Abul Qasim, Muhammad ibn Hanafiyyah (rahimahullah), was a senior Tabi’I.
Despite being the son of Sayyiduna ‘Ali (radiyallahu ‘anhu), Muhammad ibn Hanafiyyah was more famously attributed to his Mother, Khawlah bint Ja’far Al-Hanafiyyah (rahimahumallah).
Imam Sam’ani (rahimahullah) has mentioned that Sayyiduna ‘Ali (radiyallahu ‘anhu) received her as part of his share of the booty from the battle of Yamamah. He then freed and married her.
It was not uncommon for the Arabs, at times, to refer to people by attributing them to other than their fathers. Imam Nawawi (rahimahullah) has mentioned many such examples.
(Refer: Tahdhibul Asma Wal Lughat, vol. 1 pgs. 88-89)
Notwithstanding, Muhammad ibn Hanafiyyah has also been referred to as Muhammad ibn ‘Ali and Muhammad ibn ‘Ali ibn Hanafiyyah.
The Muhaddithun have differed quite extensively with regards to the exact dates of his birth and demise. Nonetheless, Ibn Hajar (rahimahullah) has recorded him to have passed away sometime after 80 A.H.
(References for all of the above: Al-Ansab, vol. 2 pgs. 280-281, Tahdhibu
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Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya
Alid political and religious leader (c. 637–700)
Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya (Arabic: مُحَمَّد ابْن الْحَنَفِيَّة, romanized: Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥanafiyya, c. 637–700, 15–81 AH) was a son of Ali ibn Abi Talib, who was the fourth caliph of islam (r. 656–661) Ibn al-Hanafiyya was an effective lieutenant for his father Ali during his caliphate. After the assassination of Ali and the deaths of his two sons Hasan and Husayn, many recognized Ibn al-Hanafiyya as the head of the House of Ali. Claiming to represent Ibn al-Hanafiyya, Mukhtar al-Thaqafi rose in Iraq in 686 to avenge Husayn and his relatives, who were massacred in 680 CE by forces of the Umayyad caliphYazid bin Mu'awiya (r. 680–683). The quiescent Ibn al-Hanafiyya did not actively associate with this rebellion but was still rescued by Mukhtar when he was detained by the rival caliph Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad. Support for Ibn al-Hanafiyya continued even after the defeat and death of Mukhtar in 686–687 in the form of the Kaysanites, a now-extinct Shia sect that traced the imamat
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